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Leo Tolstoy was a renowned Russian writer, born on September 9, 1828, in Tula Province, Russia. He came from an aristocratic family and was educated at home before attending the University of Kazan. In his early adulthood, Tolstoy served in the Russian army during the Crimean War, which greatly influenced his views on life and society.

His literary career began in the 1850s, and he gained fame with his semi-autobiographical novel "War and Peace," published in 1869. This epic work explores the impact of the Napoleonic Wars on Russian society and is considered one of the greatest novels of all time. Another of his masterpieces, "Anna Karenina," published in 1877, delves into themes of love, family, and morality.

In addition to his novels, Tolstoy was also a philosopher and social reformer. He advocated for nonviolent resistance and was influenced by the teachings of Jesus Christ. His later years were marked by a spiritual crisis, leading him to renounce his wealth and live a simpler life.

Tolstoy passed away on November 20, 1910, at the age of 82. His works continue to be celebrated for their deep psychological insight and moral complexity, making him one of the most important figures in world literature.