Как вы переведете следующий текст (не через переводчик)?
Margie even wrote about it that night in her diary. On the page headed May 17, 2157, she wrote, "Today, Tommy found a real book!"
It was a very old book. Margie's grandfather once said that when he was a little boy his grandfather told him that there was a time when all stories were printed on paper.
They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly, and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to - on a screen, you know. And then, when they turned back to the page before, it had the same words on it that it had had when they read it the first time.
"Gee," said Tommy, "what a waste. When you're through with the book, you just throw it away, I guess. Our television screen must have had a million books on it and it's good for plenty more. I wouldn't throw it away."
"Same with mine," said Margie. She was eleven and hadn't seen as many telebooks as Tommy had. He was thirteen. She said, "Where did you find it?"
"In my house." He pointed without looking, because he was busy reading. "In the attic." "What's it about?" "School."
Margie was scornful. "School? What's there to write about school? I hate school."
Margie always hated school, but now she hated it more than ever. The mechanical teacher had been giving her test after test in geography and she had been doing worse and worse until her mother had shaken her head sorrowfully and sent for the County Inspector.
He was a round little man with a red face and a whole box of tools with dials and wires. He smiled at Margie and gave her an apple, then took the teacher apart. Margie had hoped he wouldn't know how to put it together again, but he knew how all right, and, after an hour or so, there it was again, large and black and ugly, with a big screen on which all the lessons were shown and the questions were asked. That wasn't so bad. The part Margie hated most was the slot where she had to put homework and test papers. She always had to write them out in a punch code they made her learn when she was six years old, and the mechanical teacher calculated the mark in no time.
The Inspector had smiled after he was finished and patted Margie's head. He said to her mother, "It's not the little girl's fault, Mrs. Jones. I think the geography sector was geared a little too quick. Those things happen sometimes. I've slowed it up to an average ten-year level. Actually, the over-all pattern of her progress is quite satisfactory." And he parted Margie's head again.
Margie was disappointed. She had been hoping they would take the teacher away altogether. They had once taken Tommy's teacher away for nearly a month because the history sector had blanked out completely.
So she said to Tommy, "Why would anyone write about school?"
Tommy looked at her with very superior eyes. "Because it's not our kind of school, stupid. This is the old kind of school that they had hundreds and hundreds of years ago." He added loftily, pronouncing the word carefully, "Centuries ago."
Margie was hurt. "Well, I don't know what kind of school they had all that time ago." She read the book over his shoulder for a while, then said, "Anyway, they had a teacher."
"Sure they had a teacher, but it wasn't a regular teacher. It was a man." "A man? How could a man be a teacher?" "Well, he just told the boys and girls things and gave them homework and asked them questions." "A man isn't smart enough." "Sure he is. My father knows as much as my teacher." "He can't. A man can't know as much as a teacher." "He knows almost as much, I betcha.
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Перевод текста требует внимательности и понимания контекста. Давайте разберем его по частям и переведем, обращая внимание на грамматику и лексику.
1. Введение в текст:
Текст начинается с того, что Марги написала в своем дневнике о том, как Томми нашел настоящую книгу. Мы можем перевести это так:
2. Описание книги:
Далее идет описание книги, которая была очень старой. Мы можем перевести это следующим образом:
3. Чтение книги:
Затем текст описывает, как люди раньше читали книги:
4. Реакция Томми:
Томми реагирует на находку книги, и это можно перевести так:
5. Обсуждение школы:
Марги и Томми обсуждают школу, и она выражает свою неприязнь:
6. Механический учитель:
Далее идет описание механического учителя и его тестов:
7. Визит инспектора:
Инспектор приходит проверить механического учителя:
8. Итог инспектора:
Инспектор говорит о проблемах с обучением:
9. Заключение:
В конце Марги разочарована, потому что надеялась, что учителя заберут совсем:
Таким образом, перевод текста требует не только замены слов, но и понимания контекста, чтобы передать смысл и эмоции оригинала. Надеюсь, это объяснение помогло вам понять, как подойти к переводу!