Чтобы преобразовать предложения из активного в пассивный залог, необходимо следовать определенным шагам. Давайте рассмотрим этот процесс на примере предложений, которые вы предоставили.
- Определите подлежащее и дополнение. В активном залоге подлежащее выполняет действие, а дополнение - получает его. Например, в предложении "They told her the truth" подлежащее - "They", а дополнение - "her the truth".
- Переставьте подлежащее и дополнение местами. В пассивном залоге дополнение становится подлежащим, а подлежащее можно указать в форме "by" (по). В нашем примере получится: "The truth was told to her by them."
- Измените глагол на соответствующую форму. Глагол в пассивном залоге образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола "to be" и причастия прошедшего времени основного глагола. Например, "told" становится "was told".
- Обратите внимание на время. Важно сохранить временную форму. Например, "I shall send" станет "The letter will be sent".
- Не забудьте про отрицания и вопросы. Если в активном предложении есть отрицание, то в пассивном оно также должно быть отражено. Например, "They have not yet told him about it" станет "He has not yet been told about it."
Теперь давайте преобразуем ваши предложения:
- The truth was told to her (They told her the truth).
- The letter will be sent to my aunt (I shall send the letter to my aunt).
- She was listened to attentively by everybody (Everybody listened to her attentively).
- Everything had been done before we came (They had done everything before we came).
- He has not yet been told about it (They have not yet told him about it).
- The front door was locked by somebody (Somebody locked the front door).
- An umbrella was lost here by someone (Someone lost an umbrella here).
- The boy was punished for that (They punished the boy for that).
- I was promised a book (She promised me a book).
- It will be forgotten very soon (People will forget it very soon).
- I am always waited for after lessons (They always wait for me after lessons).
- I thought the letter had already been sent (I thought they had already sent the letter).
- We could not use the tape-recorder; it was being repaired (We could not use the tape-recorder, they were repairing it).
- Her family is known to me (I know her family).
- I will be met at the station (They will meet me at the station).
- The windows were not left open (I did not leave the windows open).
- The newspapers said that the interesting exhibition would be opened next week (The newspapers said that the interesting exhibition (to open) the next week).
- This bone will be given to my dog tomorrow (This bone (to give) to my dog tomorrow).
- They will be met in the hall (She (to meet) them in the hall).
- He was told to prepare a speech yesterday (Yesterday he (to tell) to prepare a speech).
- Budapest is divided by the Danube into two parts (Budapest (to divide) by the Danube into two parts).
- This new dictionary is sold everywhere now (This new dictionary (to sell) everywhere now).
- Interesting information about the life of the USA can be found in this book (You can (to find) interesting information about the life of the USA in this book).
- Nick will be sent to Moscow next week (Nick (to send) to Moscow next week).
- We were invited to a concert last week (We (to invite) to a concert last week).
- Your luggage will be brought to your room by the porter (The porter (to bring) your luggage to your room).
- She is often spoken about at school (She often (to speak) about at school).
- The article was published last week (The article (to publish) last week).
- Moscow was founded by Uriy Dolgorukiy in 1147 (Uriy Dolgorukiy (to found) in Moscow in 1147).
- All the texts were looked through yesterday and not a single mistake was found (All the texts (to look) through yesterday and not a single mistake (to find)).
- Her cake was baked very well (She baked her cake very well).
- This book will be translated next year (They will translate this book next year).
- This little boy was not noticed by anybody (Nobody took notice of this little boy).
- He had evidently been informed of the news before they announced it (Evidently somebody had informed him of the news before they announced it).
- I am sure they will be pleased by your parents (I am sure your parents will please them).
- The sick man should be sent to hospital (You should send the sick man to hospital).
- He was a brilliant speaker, and, whenever he spoke, he was listened to with great attention by the audience (He was a brilliant speaker, and, whenever he spoke, the audience listened to him with great attention).
- I remember that the tickets have been paid for (I remember that we have paid for the tickets).
- The house was built in 1960 (They built the house in 1960).
- You will be told when to come (They will tell you when to come).
- The boat was lost sight of in the fog by everybody (Everybody lost sight of the boat in the fog).
- Some new metro lines are being constructed now (They are constructing some new metro lines now).
- I was informed that you had been seen in Oxford Street (They informed me that they had seen you in Oxford Street).
- Why was he laughed at? (Why did they laugh at him?).
- All the dry leaves were gathered by the gardener (The gardener gathered all the dry leaves).
- Their work was finished in time (They finished their work in time).
Следуя этим шагам, вы сможете успешно преобразовать предложения из активного в пассивный залог. Удачи в обучении!